Zakat-Ul-Fitr: Intents And Calculation
- By Badmus Issa Abduwaheed
Islam is a religion that encompasses both spirituality and humanity, emphasizing a balanced approach to faith and ethical conduct. True righteousness in a Muslim is not solely determined by acts of worship, but requires the integration of both spiritual commitment and compassionate interactions with others. Through the combination of these two elements, Muslims can only fulfill the comprehensive teachings of Islam.
Zakat al-Fitr is an obligatory charity that Muslims give at the conclusion of Ramadan, before the Eid ul-Fitr prayer. It acts as a purification for the fasting individual and provides support to the poor, enabling them to partake in the festive celebrations. Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) was reported to have asserted enjoined Zakat-ul-fitr on the one who fasts to purify him from any indecent act and for the purpose of providing food for the needy as it was narrated by Ibn ’Abbas (RA).
The head of a family is charged with the responsibility of paying Zakatul Fitri on behalf of his dependents, including children and wards. Examining the Shariah intents of Zakat al-Fitr, it becomes clear that it serves both spiritual and humanitarian purposes. Spiritually, it purifies the fasting person from any shortcomings during Ramadan, while on a humanitarian level, it ensures that the less fortunate can also partake in the joy of Eid.
Different staple foods are recommended for Zakat ul-Fitr based on their acceptability in the community where they are distributed. In the Nigerian context, foods such as rice, beans, and wheat are encouraged, although additional gifts may be needed to enhance the celebration. However, some scholars permit giving the equivalent value in money if necessary to better meet the needs of the poor, especially in modern times. The primary purpose of this charity is not only to fulfill a religious duty but also to ensure the happiness and well-being of both the giver and the recipient.
So, as per the measurement of the food to be given in Zakat al-Fitr, two key measurements are used to determine the quantity of food to be given: Mudd and Sa’i. Below is the differentiation between them:
- Mudd (المدّ)
- Definition: A mudd is a smaller unit of measurement in Islamic jurisprudence, traditionally defined as the amount that can be scooped with two hands together.
- Quantity: A mudd is approximately 0.75 liters or 750 grams of staple food.
- Usage: It is commonly used as a smaller portion in measuring food quantities in Islamic charity and legal rulings.
- Sa’i (الصاع)
- Definition: A sa’i is a larger unit of measurement, historically used to measure grains and other food items. It is equivalent to four mudds.
- Quantity: A sa’i is approximately 3 liters or 3 kilograms of staple food.
- Usage: In Zakat ul-Fitr, the required amount to be given per person is one sa’i of staple food, such as rice, beans, or wheat.
Summary of Difference:
| Measurement | Definition | Equivalent Quantity | Zakat ul-Fitr Requirement |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mudd (مدّ) | A small unit of measurement | 0.75 liters / 750 grams | Not sufficient for Zakat ul-Fitr alone |
| Sa’i (صاع) | A larger unit of measurement (4 mudds) | 3 liters / 3 kilograms | Required amount per person in Zakat ul-Fitr |
Thus, one sa’i (four mudds) of food is the obligatory amount required for each Muslim to give as Zakat ul-Fitr before Eid al-Fitr prayer.
In conclusion, Zakat ul-Fitr is a fundamental obligation in Islam that embodies both spiritual and humanitarian values. It serves as a means of purification for the fasting person, ensuring their Ramadan fast is complete and accepted by Allah, while also promoting gratitude and generosity. Simultaneously, it provides much-needed support to the less fortunate, allowing them to celebrate Eid with dignity Kaufe Adidas SUPERSTAR – Mens adidas Cushioned II 3 Pack Quarter – H05658 and joy. By fulfilling this duty sincerely and on time, Muslims strengthen their faith, foster social harmony, and uphold the principles of compassion and justice. Therefore, every nike air force 1 07 black cool grey racer blue white Muslim should embrace Zakat ul-Fitr as an opportunity to purify their soul, assist those in need, and draw closer to Allah’s mercy and rewards.
- Badmus, Issa Abduwaheed, Ph.D. is the Chief Imam of Fountain University, Osogbo.
The opinions expressed in this publication are solely those of the author. It does not represent the editorial position or opinion of OSUN DEFENDER.
